A Decade of the Fourth Industrial Revolution: What Has Been Achieved and What Remains?
Introduction In 2015, Klaus Schwab, founder of the World Economic Forum, introduced the concept of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR). He described a new era where artificial intelligence, robotics, biotechnology, and the Internet of Things (IoT) would merge the physical, digital, and biological worlds. Ten years later, how much of this vision has become reality […]